Archibald Scott Couper in 1858 and Johann Josef Loschmidt in 1861[36] suggested possible structures that contained multiple double bonds or multiple rings, but too little evidence was then available to help chemists decide on any particular structure. Here Kekul spoke of the creation of the theory. Determination of excess heat capacities of (benzene + tetrachloromethane and + cyclohexane) between 293.15 and 303.15 K by use of a Picker flow calorimeter, Izv. Phys., 1937, 5, 537-551. The flow rates of the hot and cold stream in the preheaters are equal. The heat capacity of the system benzene + diphenylmethane, MSDS for benzene is available at AMOCO. In some systems, even the benzene-to-xylenes ratio is modified to favor xylenes. Database and to verify that the data contained therein have Table data obtained from CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 44th ed. Copper standard solution,CAS Number:7440-50-8,Specification:50mL Contact China Manufactory Wuhan Kaimubuke Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd for the product BERYLLIUM CHLORIDE. For full table with Imperial Units - rotate the screen! Sulfonation of benzene involves the use of oleum, a mixture of sulfuric acid with sulfur trioxide. Rover's Latest Discovery Puts It 'On the Table', "Organic matter preserved in 3-billion-year-old mudstones at Gale crater, Mars", "A Crystallographic Study of Solid Benzene by Neutron Diffraction", Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series A, "Electronic structure of the benzene molecule", "Unicode Character 'BENZENE RING' (U+232C)", "Unicode Character 'BENZENE RING WITH CIRCLE' (U+23E3)", "Heterocyclic Chemistry: Heterocyclic Compounds", "A pervasive molecule is captured in a photograph", "Market Study: Benzene (2nd edition), Ceresana, August 2014", "Market Study: Toluene, Ceresana, January 2015", "Control of Hazardous Air Pollutants From Mobile Sources", "Traffic-related air pollution and the onset of myocardial infarction: disclosing benzene as a trigger? As benzene can cause cancer, NIOSH recommends that all workers wear special breathing equipment when they are likely to be exposed to benzene at levels exceeding the REL (10-hour) of 0.1 ppm. Next, the diol is newly reduced by NADH to catechol. Pol. It is probable that trying to dispose of benzene in this way will also break local, environmental rules. Uber binare flussige Mischungen I. Mischungswarment, Volumseffekte und Zustandsdiagramme von chlorex mit benzol und n-alkylbenzolen, (PDF) 1,4-Bis(4-amino-phen-oxy)benzene. (2008) | Ahsan M. Shemsi | 1 In industrybenzeneis used as a solvent, as a chemical intermediate, and is used in the synthesis of numerous chemicals. J. Phys. Chemical Properties of Ethylbenzene (CAS 100-41-4) InChI InChI=1S/C8H10/c1-2-8-6-4-3-5-7-8/h3-7H,2H2,1H3 InChI Key YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formula C8H10 SMILES CCc1ccccc1 Molecular Weight 1 106.17 CAS 100-41-4 Other Names .alpha.-methyltoluene Aethylbenzol Benzene, ethyl- EB Ethylbenzeen Ethylbenzol Etilbenzene Etylobenzen NCI-C56393 NSC 406903 More heat is required to raise the temperature of 1 g of benzene 1.C.C than to raise the temperature of 1 g of water 1.C.C. Given that demand for para-xylene (p-xylene) substantially exceeds demand for other xylene isomers, a refinement of the TDP process called Selective TDP (STDP) may be used. Ser. [51], Trace amounts of benzene are found in petroleum and coal. He gave the compound the name benzin. Chem., 1965, 96, 669-678. Benzene is an organic chemical compound with the . He said that he had discovered the ring shape of the benzene molecule after having a reverie or day-dream of a snake biting its own tail (this is a common symbol in many ancient cultures known as the Ouroboros or endless knot). Some 20% of the benzene production is used to manufacture cumene, which is needed to produce phenol and acetone for resins and adhesives. [all data], Hyder Khan and Subrahmanyam, 1971 France, 1929, 45, 36-49. [88] The purpose of establishing an IDLH value is (1) to ensure that the worker can escape from a given contaminated environment in the event of failure of the respiratory protection equipment and (2) is considered a maximum level above which only a highly reliable breathing apparatus providing maximum worker protection is permitted. See, The word "benzoin" is derived from the Arabic expression ", Laurent, Auguste (1836) "Sur la chlorophnise et les acides chlorophnisique et chlorophnsique,". . Today, most benzene comes from the petrochemical industry, with only a small fraction being produced from coal. specific content of the mark scheme or generic level descriptors for a question. [78] IARC rated benzene as "known to be carcinogenic to humans" (Group 1). Kolosovskii, N.A. Deshpande, D.D. It found that four contained benzene levels above World Health Organization limits. ; Nikolaev, P.N., [70] Electrophilic aromatic substitution is a general method of derivatizing benzene. [98] Benzene metabolism involves enzymes coded for by polymorphic genes. For other uses, see, Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their, Biological oxidation and carcinogenic activity, Critics pointed out a problem with Kekul's original (1865) structure for benzene: Whenever benzene underwent substitution at the ortho position, two distinguishable isomers should have resulted, depending on whether a double bond or a single bond existed between the carbon atoms to which the substituents were attached; however, no such isomers were observed. After exposure to 63 to 405mg/m3 of benzene for 1 to 5 hours, 51 to 87% was excreted in the urine as phenol over a period of 23 to 50 hours. In heterocycles, carbon atoms in the benzene ring are replaced with other elements. Benzene itself can be measured in breath, blood or urine, but such testing is usually limited to the first 24 hours post-exposure due to the relatively rapid removal of the chemical by exhalation or biotransformation. More phase diagram and heating curve practice.docx - Phase ASU CHM 118 FINAL EXAM Flashcards | Quizlet Chem., 1977, 81, 925-930. The heat capacities and heat of crystallization of some isomeric aromatic compounds, Acta, 1985, 88, 255-260. Except where noted otherwise, data relate to, This page was last edited on 14 February 2023, at 04:18. DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr. Copper standard solution | 7440-50-8 | Environmental Chemical Analysis ; Inglese, A.; Wilhelm, E., Wilhelm, E.; Grolier, J.-P.E. The hydrocarbon derived from benzoic acid thus acquired the name benzin, benzol, or benzene. It takes 11.2 kJ of energy to raise the temperature of 145 g of benzene NBS, 1946, 36, 455-461. Trans. uses its best efforts to deliver a high quality copy of the Chem., 1948, 79, 162-177. Faraday Soc., 1971, 67, 2282-2291. Benzene Specific Heat -- EndMemo Conf. Benzoic acid and its salts undergo decarboxylation to benzene. Etude thermochimique dans la serie furanique, The heat capacity, heat of fusion and entropy of benzene, Reaxys Registry Number. Excess volumes and excess heat capacities of tetrachloroethene + cyclohexane, + methylcyclohexane, + benzene, and + toluene at 298.15 K, [all data], Prosen, Johnson, et al., 1946 Therefore, between the carbon atoms of benzene there were no fixed (i.e., constant) and distinct single or double bonds; instead, the bonds between the carbon atoms were identical. [all data], Subrahmanyam and Khan, 1969 Contact. Res., 1931, NBS 6, 881-900. Heat capacities at constant volume, free volumes, and rotational freedom in some liquids, III. In liquid form,benzeneis clear, colorless and J. The solvent-properties of the two are similar, but toluene is less toxic and has a wider liquid range. Solution Chem., 1987, 16, 745-752. Benzene - Wikipedia Under these conditions, aliphatic hydrocarbons form rings and lose hydrogen to become aromatic hydrocarbons. OSHA has also established an action level of 0.5 ppm to encourage even lower exposures in the workplace.[87]. Am. Hence it floats onwater. Report I. The proportionality constant c is sometimes referred to as the specific heat capacity or (incorrectly) the heat capacity. [all data], Good and Smith, 1969 Heat Stress Risk Assessment for Baseball and Softball Assignors . The risk from exposure to 1 ppm for a working lifetime has been estimated as 5 excess leukemia deaths per 1,000 employees exposed. [all data], Oliver, Eaton, et al., 1948 [all data], Fortier, Benson, et al., 1976 Isotopic effect in the specific heat of some deutero compounds, ; Blanchard, E.R. The thermal analysis clearly ensures the enhancement in case of benzene added water upward spray, and the achieved average heat flux is 1.78 MW m 2. Compt. [75][95], Genetic polymorphisms in these enzymes may induce loss of function or gain of function. Soc., 1926, 48, 1274-1287. The EPA requires that spills or accidental releases into the environment of 10 pounds (4.5kg) or more of benzene be reported. Ethyl alcohol likely exhibits more hydrogen bonding than water. Study of the heat capacity of selected solvents, [all data], Findenegg, Gruber, et al., 1965 Mean specific heat in homologous series of binary and ternary positive azeotropes, [44][45] Using large crystals of hexamethylbenzene, a benzene derivative with the same core of six carbon atoms, Lonsdale obtained diffraction patterns. [all data], Vesely, Svoboda, et al., 1977 J. Thermophysics, 1982, 3, 1-15. ; Udovenko, W.W., Nitrobenzene is the precursor to aniline. This page provides supplementary chemical data on benzene. Anal. National Institutes of Health. Ref. J. Chem. Benzene. ber das Verdampfungsgleichgewicht Benzol-1-2-Dichloraethan, The pure material, and any solutions containing it, constitute a fire risk. Molar heat capacities of binary liquid mixtures: 1,2-dichloroethane + benzene, + toluene, and + p-xylene, Excess heat capacities of binary liquid mixtures determined with a Picker flow calorimeter, (This estimate assumes no threshold for benzene's carcinogenic effects.) Benzene, also commonly known as benzol, is a colorless liquid with a sweet pungent odor. Data, 1969, 14, 102-106. Sci., 1969, 38, 510-511. Solved The table shown here lists the specific heat of | Chegg.com Gorbunova, N.I. [103], Under specific conditions and in the presence of other chemicals benzoic acid (a preservative) and ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) may interact to produce benzene. Only emails and answers are saved in our archive. ; Rossini, F.D., The specific heat capacity is the heat or energy required to change one unit mass of a substance of a constant volume by 1 C. The pure material, and any solutions containing it, constitute a fire risk. [all data], Grolier, Inglese, et al., 1982 Eng. [all data], Ogawa and Murakami, 1985 Using a precise scanning-microcalorimetric technique, the heat-capacity difference between water and an aqueous solution of benzene or of toluene has been measured for a broad temperature range (from 278 to 413 K) under excess pressure, and the partial specific heat capacity of these solutes has been determined. When certain compounds are heated, light is emitted because the compounds CONVERT some of the energy from the heating into coloured light of specific colours. Chim., 1968, 16, 549-552. Bunsenges. Atalla, S.R. National Library of Medicine. rend., 1933, 197, 519-520. Specific heat of liquids. Chem. ; Nagano, Y., Hydroquinone, benzenetriol and catechol are converted to polyphenols. Please read AddThis Privacy for more information. for disposal with other flammable, non-chlorinated solvents. Measurement of the heat capacity of a small volume of liquid by the piezo-thermometric method. Specific Heat of Liquids and Fluids - Glycerin Refinery Equipment Individuals carrying variant of NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), microsomal epoxide hydrolase (EPHX) and deletion of the glutathione S-transferase T1 (GSTT1) showed a greater frequency of DNA single-stranded breaks.[99]. Molar heat capacities and isothermal compressibility of binary liquid mixtures: carbon tetrachloride + benzene, carbon tetrachloride + cyclohexane and benzene + cyclohexane, Shiohama, Y.; Ogawa, H.; Murakami, S.; Fujihara, I., Heat capacity of benzene at high pressures, [all data], Richards and Wallace, 1932 \Delta H of fusion for benzene is 9.87 kJ/mol; specific heat for liquid benzene is 1.63 J/g X degrees). Oliver, G.D.; Eaton, M.; Huffman, H.M., errors or omissions in the Database. The most important variations contain nitrogen. Vyssh. / Cincia & Tecnologia dos Materiais 26 (2014) 142-149 143 test specimen but depends on the methods of preparation of the specimen, presence of surface J. Chem. Mesure des chaleurs specifique moleculaires de quelques liquides, If you want to promote your products or services in the Engineering ToolBox - please use Google Adwords. Smart Sensor: 10.0 eV Lamp, 100 ppm, Benzene specific 50 ppm (PID003L), with tube holder & box of 10 tubes This powerful hand-held instrument is capable of simultaneously monitoring up to 6 gases. Excess heat capacities for mixtures of benzene with cyclopentane, methylcyclohexane, and cyclooctane at 298.15 K, [all data], von Reis, 1881 With the global phaseout of leaded gasoline, benzene has made a comeback as a gasoline additive in some nations. This amount is about 10 times the average daily intake of benzene by nonsmokers. Pol. Heat capacities of some organic liquids determined with the mixing calorimeter, Engineering ToolBox - Resources, Tools and Basic Information for Engineering and Design of Technical Applications! [all data], Tanaka, 1985 specific heat capacity experiment conclusion; belly dancer roblox id loud; villette lookingglass theatre; girls inc omaha. Zhur. Solved For a given species, see the thermodynamic values | Chegg.com In 1855, Hofmann used the word "aromatic" to designate this family relationship, after a characteristic property of many of its members. Surface area of the liquid c. Pressure 6. The specific heat of a substance is the amount of energy that must be transferred to or from 1 g of that substance to change its temperature by 1. CYP2E1 is involved at multiple steps: converting benzene to oxepin (benzene oxide), phenol to hydroquinone, and hydroquinone to both benzenetriol and catechol. PubChem Substance ID. Excess properties of the mixture bis(2-dichlorethyl)ether (chlorex) + 2,2,4-trimethylpentane (isooctane), Heats of combustion of benzene, toluene, ethyl-benzene, o-xylene, m-xylene, p-xylene, n-propylbenzene, and styrene, However, if heated it becomes a gas, and when cooled it becomes a solid. Ber. These aberrations can be monitored using fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) with DNA probes to assess the effects of benzene along with the hematological tests as markers of hematotoxicity. It is highly recommended to seek the Material Safety Datasheet (MSDS) for this chemical from a reliable source such as SIRI, and follow its directions. Maass, O.; Walbauer, L.J., In 1903, Ludwig Roselius popularized the use of benzene to decaffeinate coffee. Tanaka, R., From p. 102: " benzene, according to this view, may be represented by a double ring, in fact." ; Gruber, K.; Pereira, J.F. 2 C6H6 + 15 0212 CO2 + 6HO + 1562 kcal How much heat is given off when 877 g (one liter) of benzene reacts with oxygen? von Reis, M.A., ; Roux-Desgranges, G.; Berkane, M.; Jimenez, E.; Wilhelm, E., What is the formula for specific heat? [all data], Landrieu, Baylocq, et al., 1929 The affected batches were removed from sale. This discovery led to the production of Sanka. Vesely, F.; Svoboda, V.; Pick, J., There are sufficient high-quality literature values to make a good evaluation with a high degree of confidence. How To Remove Vinyl Print From A T-Shirt - Homelization The title compound, C18H16N2O2, is a precusor for the synthesis of polyimides. [57] The molecular orbital description involves the formation of three delocalized orbitals spanning all six carbon atoms, while the valence bond description involves a superposition of resonance structures. Critically Evaluated Thermochemical Properties of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, Benzene, C6H6, is a clear colorless to light-yellow liquid, flammable with a petroleum-like, aromatic odor. Sandmeyer Reaction. Lainez, A.; Rodrigo, M.M. A mixture of 54.5 mol% benzene in chlorobenzene at its bubble point is fed continuously to the bottom plate of a column containing two equilibrium plates, with a partial reboiler and a total condenser. Chemical Properties of Benzene, 1,4-diethyl- (CAS 105-05-5) Storage class Storage class (TRGS 510): 3: Flammable liquids 7.3 Specific end use(s) Apart from the uses mentioned in section 1.2 no other specific uses are stipulated SECTION 8: Exposure controls/personal protection It is produced by the oxidation of benzene or n-butane in the presence of vanadium oxide catalysts. Expert Answer. Similarly, the Friedel-Crafts acylation is a related example of electrophilic aromatic substitution. Recovery of the aromatics, commonly referred to as BTX (benzene, toluene and xylene isomers), involves such extraction and distillation steps. Consist of disordered clusters of particles that are quite close together; particles have random motions in three dimensions Solids 1. Reproductive toxicity Suspected of damaging fertility or the unborn child. CAS RN. Benzene has 6 hydrogen atoms, fewer than the corresponding parent alkane, hexane, which has 14. Birch reduction, a non catalytic process, however selectively hydrogenates benzene to the diene. Benzene was historically used as a significant component in many consumer products such as liquid wrench, several paint strippers, rubber cements, spot removers, and other products. Thus, a double bond would exist with one neighbor during the first interval and with the other neighbor during the next interval. Combustible Gas Leak LEL Natural Gas Detector Methane Benzene Propane Alarm. Bull. Phenol and halobenzenes can be reduced with metals. However, NIST makes no warranties to that effect, and NIST Applicability of the DuPont 900 DTA apparatus in quantitative differential thermal analysis, As benzene is ubiquitous in gasoline and hydrocarbon fuels that are in use everywhere, human exposure to benzene is a global health problem. Specific heat capacity of liquids including ethanol, refrigerant 134, water. Thermodynam., 1991, 23, 25-30. Kekul's 1872 modification of his 1865 theory, illustrating rapid alternation of double bonds[note 1], In 1845, Charles Blachford Mansfield, working under August Wilhelm von Hofmann, isolated benzene from coal tar. Zur Thermodynamik von Mischphasen IX. Rastorguev, Yu.L. Some thermodynamice properties of the systems benzene + ethylene dichloride, benzene + carbon tetrachloride, acetone + chloroform, and acetone + carbon disulphide, and final temperature T f = C = K = F, Q = calories = kcal = x 10^ calories. In another human study, 30% of absorbed dermally applied benzene, which is primarily metabolized in the liver, was excreted as phenol in the urine. Derivatives of benzene occur sufficiently often as a component of organic molecules, so much so that the Unicode Consortium has allocated a symbol in the Miscellaneous Technical block with the code U+232C () to represent it with three double bonds,[62] and U+23E3 () for a delocalized version.[63]. Nitric Oxide Is a Regulator of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Activity NBS, 1945, 34, 65-70. (TLV) for benzene to 0.02 ppm and reduce the 15 . Swietoslawski, W.; Zielenkiewicz, A., Teplofiz. London, 1933, 45, 194-207. At the critical point there is no change of state when pressure is increased or if heat is added. [86] These legal limits were based on studies demonstrating compelling evidence of health risk to workers exposed to benzene. Zhdanov, A.K., Chat now for more business. We don't collect information from our users. American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) adopted Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) for benzene at 0.5 ppm TWA and 2.5 ppm STEL. [all data], Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, References. Steam cracking is the process for producing ethylene and other alkenes from aliphatic hydrocarbons. Benzene - PubChem [all data], Rastorguev and Ganiev, 1967 In March 2006, the official Food Standards Agency in United Kingdom conducted a survey of 150 brands of soft drinks. Ann. Mixtures containing N,N-dimethylformamide, In general, the evaluated uncertainty limits are on the order of (0.5 to 2.5) kJ/mol. Keep away from heat and sources of ignition. The liquid product is 40.0 mole% B, and the vapor product is 68.4 mole% B. Phys. J. Chem. 2o -889 .1791 162 basic lead carbonate 3pb 2c 8o 2h 0 163 benzene 6h 6c 143 .0317 164 benzotrifuroxane (btf) 6c 6o 6n 571 .0686 165 beryllium (non-reactive) 1u2 .0668 166 beryllium (pure crystaline) 1be .0668 167 beryllium borohydride 2b 1be 8h -666 .0218 168 beryllium hydride 1be 2h -399 0 169 . Temp., 1983, 21(2), 270-275. Nauk, 1962, SSSR 142, 1335-1338. In 1872, Kekul suggested that benzene had two complementary structures and that these forms rapidly interconverted, so that if there were a double bond between any pair of carbon atoms at one instant, that double bond would become a single bond at the next instant (and vice versa). Water is less resistant to temperature change than ethyl alcohol. Tschamler, H., Occupational Exposures Chemical Carcinogens & Mutagens - scribd.com Benzene is classified as a carcinogen, which increases the risk of cancer and other illnesses, and is also a notorious cause of bone marrow failure. Chem. We don't collect information from our users. Fiock, E.F.; Ginnings, D.C.; Holton, W.B., *** Very flammable. Thermodynam., 1988, 20, 1183-1189. [all data], Sieg, Crtzen, et al., 1951 Benzene causes central nervous system damage acutely and bone marrow damage chronically and is carcinogenic. It was formerly used as parasiticide. Benzene (CAS 71-43-2) 1 Carcinogenic to humans. Title: Microsoft Word - 9701_s19_ms_41 Author: whitej Created Date: 8/6/2019 11:46:17 AM . Google use cookies for serving our ads and handling visitor statistics. heat [1] 3. Through calculating more than thirty parameters, Lonsdale demonstrated that the benzene ring could not be anything but a flat hexagon, and provided accurate distances for all carbon-carbon bonds in the molecule. at 1 atm: botling point = 80. Hazardous Combustion Products Carbon monoxide (CO). The measurement of benzene in humans can be accomplished via urine, blood, and breath tests; however, all of these have their limitations because benzene is rapidly metabolized in the human body. Benzene is a liquid at standard conditions. Prosen, E.J. J. Chem. In bacteria, dioxygenase enzyme can add an oxygen to the ring, and the unstable product is immediately reduced (by NADH) to a cyclic diol with two double bonds, breaking the aromaticity. Experimental device for measurement of isobaric specific heat of electrolytes at elevated pressures, ; Udowenko, W.W., STP - Standard Temperature and Pressure & NTP - Normal Temperature and Pressure, Heat (enthalpy) of sublimation, at 42F/5.85C, Specific heat capacity, Cp (solid) at 32F/0C, log KOW (Octanol/Water Partition Coefficient), Specific Gravity (liquid) (relativ to water), Standard molar entropy, S (solid), at 1 bara. ; Wallace, J.H., Jr., C11H16 = 148.25. The specific heats of binary mixtures, Data, 1986, 31, 238-240. [42] If the anecdote is the memory of a real event, circumstances mentioned in the story suggest that it must have happened early in 1862. J. Chem. Thermodynam., 1982, 14, 259-268. Burlew, J.S., Neft Gaz. Benzene - Density and Specific Weight vs. The United States Environmental Protection Agency has set a maximum contaminant level for benzene in drinking water at 0.0005mg/L (5 ppb), as promulgated via the U.S. National Primary Drinking Water Regulations. For example, mutations in CYP2E1 increase activity and result in increased generation of toxic metabolites. [all data], Czarnota, 1991 Rabinovich, I.B. 1196-58-3. [all data], Atalla, El-Sharkawy, et al., 1981 DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing, Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Notes, Roux, Temprado, et al., 2008 The idea is used in fireworks to produce the colour. Measurement of air and water levels of benzene is accomplished through collection via activated charcoal tubes, which are then analyzed with a gas chromatograph. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Department of Health and Human Services. For commercial use, until World War II, much of benzene was obtained as a by-product of coke production (or "coke-oven light oil") for the steel industry. Chem. Bull. Uchebn. Step-by-Step Verified Solution Basis: 1 mol Feed J. Res. Benzene depletion in a laminar premixed flat stoichiometric low-pressure methane/air/benzene (1.5%) flame was investigated using a recently developed kinetic model that has been tested for low-pressure combustion of acetylene, ethylene, and benzene.Experimental flame structures of two stoichiometric methane/air flames (v =34.2 cm s 1, 5.33 kPa) with and without the addition of 1.5% of . (1867) "Theoretische Betrachtungen und deren Anwendungen zur Systematik der organischen Chemie" (Theoretical considerations and their applications to the classification scheme of organic chemistry). Six-membered aromatic rings with one carbon replaced by another element: This page was last edited on 15 February 2023, at 05:01. The new understanding of benzene, and hence of all aromatic compounds, proved to be so important for both pure and applied chemistry that in 1890 the German Chemical Society organized an elaborate appreciation in Kekul's honor, celebrating the twenty-fifth anniversary of his first benzene paper. All rights reserved. [49] In 1870, the German chemist Viktor Meyer first applied Grbe's nomenclature to benzene.[50]. Specific Heat Search. As the carbon atoms in the benzene ring collided with each other, each carbon atom would collide twice with one neighbor during a given interval and then twice with its other neighbor during the next interval. Unsmoothed experimental datum given as 1.7915 kJ/kg*K.; T = 283.78 to 348.47 K. Cp = 1.3943 - 5.857x10-4T + 5.89x10-6T2 kJ/kg*K. Cp value calculated from equation.