Emergent curriculum is guided by teachers. It plays a vital role for a variety of reasons. I would love to know is your childs teacher a pirate? Emergent curriculum is based on the idea that children learn best when curriculum experiences represent their interests, strengths, needs, and lived experiences. Discover the benefits of early childhood accreditation, learn about the four step process,find support and resources for your program or login to the accreditation portal. Center leaders and teachers recognized that an anti-bias program was one way of helping the 170 children and families who attend the center. Teachers who use the emergent curriculum. Emergent curriculum is cyclical. Curriculum is the way content is designed and developed. The . Emergent Curriculum is a way of teaching that focuses on being responsive to children's interests, needs, and motivations. Educators facilitate a variety of group learning experiences small group times, larger group times, and independent learning time. (1938). In this light, it is very imperative to conduct an empirical study to ascertain the challenges that pre-school teachers face in the implementation of the early The team made learning visible to the children and hoped that it would build curiosity and increase reflection, ownership, and depth of their learning. 5. and intensity of emerging eventsis a common concept in the military and among organizations designed to respond to emergent . Mr. Mike takes notes when his preschoolers are on the playground so he can see what kind of imaginative play they display that he can transform into a learning activity. Become a leader in your professional association. challenges of emergent curriculumdiscretionary housing payment hackney. Challenge Two - Linking Emergent Curriculum to real life situations and including the use of photography into the program Play is a legitimate and essential part of teaching and the emergent curriculum reminds me that play is spontaneous and a precious learning opportunity Are We Supporting the Hundred Languages of Children? The inquiry-based curriculum is a kind of emergent curriculum. Emergent curriculum is an important early childhood education concept that encourages educators to adapt activities to meet the interests and abilities of children. Discoverthe latest research and best practices, and engage with our diverse community of professionals! The emergent curriculum makes use of the children's . In a medical school in Aruba, faculty apprehensions about the integrated curriculum, concerns about self-directed learning and early clinical exposure were among the challenges faced (6). It was appropriately accused of being jargon-ridden and inaccessible in its discourse. "For truth to tell, dancing in all its forms cannot be excluded from the curriculum of all noble education: dancing with the feet, with ideas, with words, and, need I add that one must also be able to dance with pen- that one must learn how to write". Emergent instructional approaches are more flexible and adaptive than traditional approaches. Explore key early childhood topics such Developmentally Appropriate Practice, play, and math. The article investigates the response of the Pakistani curriculum to the Covid-19 outbreak. Emergent curriculum is a developmentally appropriate approach to planning for children's learning in early childhood settings. concepts of play-based, emergent curriculum that model flexible, inquiry-based approaches to curriculum content. First, teachers write learning tasks on cards, called Provocations. Celebrate young children and their families with hands-on activities encouraging movement and healthy lifestyles through music, food, and art. For example, while taking students on a nature walk in a nearby wooded park, the students might discover a fallen birds nest. Rely on us for a stress-free research project work, A-class academic materials, and easy guides through the course of your academic programme. Although well-intentioned, these individuals are far removed from the classroom and are completely void of direct contact with the students themselves. Traffic ABSTRACT Learning investigations are based on the childrens questions, theories and interests as curiosity is a great motivator for learning. Emergent curriculum requires our teachers to support and guide learning as it emerges naturally. Listen to their thoughts and ideas. A statistically significant difference in concepts of print from pre- to posttest between experimental and control groups was found. They share the perspective that curriculum is an emergent process. 1. Perhaps in no other educational philosophy is documentation more important than with the emergent approach. A good educator is always paying close attention to the childs thinking as a starting point for learning. Emergent curriculum arises from the things that fascinate childrenwhat they see, what they wonder about, what they develop theories about. Teacher James shows photos of assorted objects, landscapes, and people, and then encourages students to say whatever comes to mind. Emergent curriculum involves leading the learner to new levels of thinking, scaffolding across zones of proximal development. Explore jobs in theCareer Center and findhigher education and professional development opportunities. . Teachers went through in-service training to equip them but even this was inadequate. . In emergent curriculum settings, there should be opportunity to involve all the senses, challenge creativity, hear and use oral and written language, explore art media, practice solving interpersonal problems, conduct investigations and ask questions, explore and order material, and acquire various . Discover practical tips and innovative ideas for preschool teachers in our award-winning magazine. Reggio educators will . The review process on Helpful Professor involves having a PhD level expert fact check, edit, and contribute to articles. Emergent curriculum programs also include a lot of group work. Preschools using Emergent Curriculum believe that each child has distinct needs and interests. Discover what math teaching and learning look like in the playful, emergent environment of the early childhood classroom. In curriculum's knowledge-building role, there is a great desire for new global 21st century skills that are necessary . Learn about and purchase the best books and resources to support young children's learning and development. The observant teacher will capitalize on this opportunity and follow through with an activity that helps the child explore that interest further. Of course, they are going to be tremendously excited about this treasure. It's both inquiry and play based, and allows educators to respond to observations and interests, build on prior learning and provoke new ideas and opportunities. Find research-based resources, tips and ideas for familiesfrom child development to reading, writing, music, math, and more! When finished, students document their experience in a Learning Journey book. curriculum and the extent to which it is emergent and inquiry-based. https://helpfulprofessor.com/emergent-curriculum/. Emergent curriculum is a method of planning and curriculum decision making used readily across the sector. As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases. Although not always purposively, students sometimes determine what they learn by spontaneously displaying an interest in a subject or phenomenon they encounter. "A teacher who is curious and values . Documenting those revelations ensures that teachers will remember those vital insights. It requires that teachers actively seek out and chase the interests of the children. This excerpt addresses the top concerns teachers have about incorporating the outdoors into their daily lessons. As a result, certain trends and phenomena have emerged, which shape the new normality in society and have generated many effects on the mathematics curriculum. The process involves helping the learner to acquire knowledge or experience. Collaborative group work is considered necessary to advance cognitive development. Even without implementing a curriculum there is a lot going on so finding the time to implement in your programs can be tough. They prefer to know that their children are going to graduate fully prepared for primary school and the structure that is often part of each and every school day. Every day, children explore math concepts in their conversations and interactions. Popular Searches:DAP;Coping with COVID-19;E-books;Anti-Bias Education;Online Store. training to support them. Emergent curriculum is a course of study conceptualized by Loris Malaguzzi in the 1960s. Breanna Guzman is an educational content specialist for Emergent Bilingual curriculum at Lexia Learning. I love this photo of one the marvellous educators I had the privilege to work with. National Association for the Education of Young Children, Curriculum, Assessment, Classroom Management, The Preschool Birth Stories Project: Developing Emergent Curriculum with Families, Emergent Curriculum and the Cycle of Inquiry (On Demand), : The Command Center Project: Resolving My Tensions with Emergent Curriculum, Scaffolding Background Knowledge and Emergent Writing Through Conversations, (E-Book) Embracing Math: Cultivating a Mindset for Exploring and Learning, (E-Book) From Childrens Interests to Childrens Thinking: Using a Cycle of Inquiry to Plan Curriculum *All Sales are Final, NAEYC Publishes New Curriculum Development Resource for Early Childhood Educators, NAEYC Publishes New Resource to Help Teachers Increase Childrens Success in Math, Embracing Math: Cultivating a Mindset for Exploring and Learning, From Childrens Interests to Childrens Thinking: Using a Cycle of Inquiry to Plan Curriculum, Anti-Bias Education in Action: One Center's Journey to Learn and Teach an Anti-Bias Curriculum, Is There a Chick in There? Kindergartners Changing Thoughts on Life in an Egg, The Birds, the Children, and the Big Black Dog: Reflecting on Emergent Curriculum, Gimnasio para caracoles: aprendiendo con gusto recreativo en el saln de knder, A Jungle Gym for Snails: Joyful Learning in the Kindergarten Classroom, Excerpt from The Power of Emergent Curriculum: Stories From Early Childhood Settings, View all content associated with this topic. Retrieved from https://ocw.umb.edu/early-education-development/echd-440-640-eec-language-and-literacy-course/learning-module-1/module-10/LewinBTJ%20Goldfish.pdf. Haily takes photos of her students during playtime to put in their portfolios, along with notes on what they were doing. The children learn through play about topics and concepts that are of interest to them. Dave Cornell (PhD) and Peer Reviewed by Chris Drew (PhD), Emergent Curriculum Definition and Meaning, 3. 2. It describes curriculum that is responsive to children's interests, and is meaningful, relevant and engaging for each child. 1) App . In other words, emergent strategy occurs as part of the ongoing organizational activity. Sail: An Emergent Curriculum Project" and "Thinking Big: Extending Emergent Curriculum Projects." More stories and pictures from Hilltop . It is a way of planning around the children's interests as opposed to those of the teacher. I decided to begin my emergent curriculum paired with our elementary schools initial response to the shelter in place mandate: What is a community helper? Majorly, in setting up curriculum objectives, the objectives should always be stated in observable human behavior terms. Because the curriculum is spontaneous, it does not conform to state standards. Educators support children to explore and research ideas in more depth taking what is seen and heard, and bringing to children the opportunity to discover more, dig deeper, and construct further knowledge. Additionally, it teaches you how to better embrace and support students' needs and interests, creating a better learning environment for them. Join NAEYCs team and help us advance the education of young children across the country. And in 2022, these changes are still being shaped and accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic. The larger photo shows her surrounded by a mob of children in and around a plastic sandpit which they have transformed into a pirate ship. It relies on the students to guide instructional objectives and activities. bilingualism, face numerous challenges, from lack of training and support to limited state and government policies (Quintero & Hansen, 2017). Because of the lack of capacity in the provinces in most schools to implement major changes as proposed, the government scaled down its plans to implement the new curriculum to Grade 1 from the outset. She carried the goldfish around the room so that each child could get a closer look. All undertaking works, records and reports posted on this website, modishproject.com are the property/copyright of their individual proprietors. Harvard Educational Review, 56(2), 122-133. Carl Jung. 2. . Mrs. Putnam created a second documentary panel. Teachers are there to facilitate, and to provide materials, guidance, and boundaries. EMERGENT CURRICULUM IN EARLY CHILDHOOD CLASSROOM 2 Introduction Emergent curriculum is a demonstrated way of making an excellent plan of the curriculum which is based on the child's interests, passion, and views at a given point in time. Find a sponsorship opportunity thats right for you and help support early childhood educators, parents, and other professionals. This means that students are intrinsically interested in the subject. Ignite and fulfill your professional development goals! An emergent curriculum is a pedagogical approach that adapts to the unique needs and interests of the students, rather than adhering to a strict, pre-determined syllabus. The purpose of this study was to investigate how best human resources management practices influenced performance of college ABSTRACT Support access to high-quality early childhood education programs and opportunities and resources for educators. The process involves helping the learner to acquire knowledge or experience. We challenge our colleagues and fellow citizens to use these realities of our present state of being as the point of departure when dealing with educational practices. While the curriculum is centred around the emerging interests of the child, learning is not left to chance. It requires that teachers actively seek out and chase the interests of the children. Learn more about our academic and editorial standards. In this case the childrens interest in the life and death of a gold-fish enabled the teacher to arouse their concern for the well-being of the environment and to help the children think and act in ecologically sound ways (Lewin-Benham, 2006, p. 7). Young Children, 67(2), 66-68. Curriculum. Recent work by Nitecki and Chung (2013) also indicate tension between teaching EL, using DAP, and addressing the new curriculum standards. Teachers must be willing to apply the new approach and must be able to articulate their ideas so as to make a meaningful contribution to the new curriculum implementation. Its procedures for designing learning programmes were complex and sophisticated. The stories we share about the learning in the environment educate the wider community about the process and value of learning in early childhood. Because of these flaws and inadequacies, a review committee was established to look at possibilities of refining Curriculum 2005 and this led to 4 the introduction of the National Curriculum Statement (NCS), which was a refined version of outcomes-based education (Christie 1999:279). The study examined the Effect of Discussion method on Students achievement in Social Studies in Secondary Schools in Abstract We use written documentation to record shared history. The main disadvantage of an emergent strategy is that it isn't predictable, and therefore can't be planned. They prefer more clearly defined goals and the confidence that comes from using tried and true methods. Become an organizational or corporate partner to inspire early childhood education at the local and national level. what is multiplicative comparison. In this . However, if the logic of emergence is applied . Emergent curriculum is a philosophy of teaching and a way of planning a children's curriculum that focuses on being responsive to their interests. In its most basic form, it is a way of observing what children know, are curious about and what challenges them. This is far less likely to happen in a school that adheres to the emergent philosophy. They can build confidence by seeing their progress or consider alternative actions if given a similar project in the future. The next day the teacher might read a book about birds, or let them explore a book that contains colorful photos of bird varieties. Heres one teachers efforts at creating digital portfolios for her lucky students. Emergent curriculum tends to be far more creative and innovative than traditional instruction. She gives each student that can think of one thing they learned a small reward. "Emergent curriculum encourages early childhood educators to use creativity and flexibility as they respond to classroom challenges and children's interests. Teachers make careful observations of students by taking notes, photos, and even recordings of their comments. These standards come from administrators and school boards. Unfortunately, conventional teaching objectives and practices are often defined by the teacher who needs to match externally imposed curriculum standards. Do the research. Like many educators, Debbie enjoys following the meaning that children are making of their experiences and she wondered how the children thought the chick happened to be in the egg. The emergent curriculum requires: Creativity to continually adapt and enhance the environment. We share documentation with the children so they have the opportunity to revisit their learning. This view, in general, implies that learning is limited to the knowledge established by a pre-existing curriculum. Lewin-Benham, A. As educators, we observe children closely, and these observations can bring us to a habit of noticing - not just the obvious, but the underlying intentions, deep interests, challenges, and successes that children demonstrate during their play.. With verbal children, it is important to ask . Documentation at the end of the learning experience is also emphasized. In addition to horizontal alignment, curriculum design provides educators with the opportunity to discuss what is essential at other grade . Although the students dont always specify their learning objectives, teachers carefully observe their students and discover their interests in an exploratory manner. We use documentation as a tool for social change. In the event that you see your work posted here, and you need it to be eliminated/credited, it would be ideal if you call us on +2348053692035 or send us a mail along with the web address linked to the work, to modishproject@gmail.com. Noting the challenges presented for kindergarten teachers by current demands for accountability based on standardized measures that ignore diversity, this book presents ideas for implementing a developmentally-appropriate kindergarten curriculum within the constraints of American public schools. We decided to build a new curriculum around the SEND Code of Conduct's four areas of SEND (DfE, 2014): communication and interaction. Emergent curriculum is a philosophy of education that focuses on students interests, strengths, and needs. Copyright 2023 Helpful Professor. They endeavour to activate the meaning making competencies of each child as a basis of all learning by ask interesting, open ended questions that encourage children to express their thoughts and theories and be creative. This sparked many questions about water pollution, the Earth, farmland and life and death. Emergent curriculum is an early education approach where teachers design projects unique to a child or group of children. We share documentation with families. 2 . Required fields are marked *, This Article was Last Expert Reviewed on January 20, 2023 by Chris Drew, PhD. It describes curriculum that is responsive to children's interests, and is meaningful, relevant and engaging for each child. Emergent Curriculum revolves exclusively around the child Preschools using Emergent Curriculum believe that each child has distinct needs and interests. An emergent curriculum is constantly evolving in response to children's changing needs and interests, parental and community interests and con cerns, and teachers' priorities. EFFECTIVEMARKETING STRATEGIES FOR HEALTH CARE SERVICES IN ENUGU METROPOLIS (A CASE STUDY OF BETHSAIDA A STUDY OF EFFECTIVE HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT AS A REQUIREMENT FOR ORGANIZATIONAL EFFICIENCY, HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, EFFECTIVE HUMAN RESOURCE PRACTICES AND ORGANIZATIONAL HARMONY, EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION A STRATEGY TOOL FOR ACHIEVING ORGANIZATIONAL GOAL, ENGLISH AND LINGUISTIC PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, COMPUTER SCIENCE PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS FINAL YEAR, EDUCATION FOUNDATION GUIDANCE AND COUNSELLING TOPICS AND MATERIALS, ANIMAL SCIENCE PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, ARTS EDUCATION PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, BANKING AND FINANCE PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, POLITICAL SCIENCE PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, LIBRARY SCIENCE PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, CIVIL ENGINEERING PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, ENGLISH EDUCATION PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, BIOCHEMISTRY PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, SCIENCE LABORATORY TECHNOLOGY PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, ESTATE MANAGEMENT PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, OFFICE TECHNOLOGY PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, CO-OPERATIVE ECONOMICS PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, PUBLIC HEALTH PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, PURCHASING AND SUPPLY PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, GUIDANCE AND COUNSELLING PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, HISTORY AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, MICROBIOLOGY PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, VOCATIONAL AND TECHNICAL EDUCATION PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, CHEMICAL ENGINEERING PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, SECRETARIAL ADMINISTRATION PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, FOOD SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, BUSINESS MANAGEMENT PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, MECHANICAL ENGINEERING PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, URBAN AND REGIONAL PLANNING PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, ENTREPRENEURIAL PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, SCIENCE EDUCATION PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, BUILDING TECHNOLOGY PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, HEALTH AND PHYSICAL EDUCATION PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, COMPUTER ENGINEERING PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY MANAGEMENT PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, SMES AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, QUANTITY SURVEYING PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, HOME ECONOMICS PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, BIBLICAL AND THEOLOGY PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, EDUCATION FOUNDATION GUIDANCE AND COUNSELLING, INDUSTRIAL CHEMISTRY PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, OCCUPATION HEALTH AND SAFETY PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, ARCHITECTURE PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, SOIL SCIENCE PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, THEATER ARTS PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, FISHERY AND AQUACULTURE PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, HEALTH AND SEX EDUCATION PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, HEALTH AND KINETICS PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, OIL AND GAS PETROLEUM ENGINEERING PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, INTERNAL INSTITUTE OF JOURNALISM / RELATION / HISTORY AND DIPLOMACY PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, RELIGIOUS AND CULTURAL STUDIES PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, PETROLEUM ENGINEERING PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, BUSINESS EDUCATION PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, FOOD NUTRITION PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, INDUSTRIAL RELATION AND PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, ISLAMIC AND ARABIC PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, CHILD AND BASIC EDUCATION PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, AFRICAN LANGUAGES PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, PRODUCTION AND OPERATION MANAGEMENT PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, BOTANY AND ECOLOGY PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, PEACE STUDIES AND CONFLICT RESOLUTION PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, GENERAL EDUCATION PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, NAUTICAL SCIENCE PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, FORESTRY WILD LIFE PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, PLANT SCIENCE PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, CROP SCIENCE PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, PHYSICS EDUCATION PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, PHYSICAL SCIENCE PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, CURRICULUM AND EDUCATION PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, ACTUARIAL SCIENCE PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, MEDICAL BIOLOGY PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, PROJECT MANAGEMENT PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, AGRICULTURAL AND BIORESOURCES ENGINEERING PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, MEDICINE AND SURGERY PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, BREWING SCIENCE PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, GEOGRAPHY EDUCATION PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, BIOTECHNOLOGY PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, BROADCATING UNDERGRADUATE PROJECT TOPICS, RESEARCH WORKS AND MATERIALS, FASHION DESIGN AND CLOTH/PRINT TECHNOLOGY PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, INTEGRATED SCIENCE PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS. Children are encouraged to dialogue, critique, compare, negotiate, hypothesize, and problem solve through group work. modishproject.com is a vault of exploration works simply like academia.edu, researchgate.net, scribd.com, docsity.com, coursehero and numerous different stages where clients transfer works. . An emergent curriculum still requires purposeful planning, it is much more than simply letting the children use the materials and experiences that they want to. Leaders within academic medical centers faced twin challenges of responding to the needs of the patients we serve while managing radical changes within their own institutions, including the educational mission. As stated by Dewey in Experience and Education (1938). 21 Thrilling YA Dystopian Book Series for Teens, Free, Printable Kids Calendar 2023 with Mindful Affirmations. Concluding Thoughts Stage 2 Toddler: Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt. This is to say we need to replace existing points of departure- test scores, college admissions, com- . In the internet age, these items can be converted to a digital format and placed on the internet to enable student or parent access. The early skills of Emergent Literacy include the knowledge and abilities related to the alphabet, phonological awareness, symbolic representation, and communication. Dr. Drew has published over 20 academic articles in scholarly journals. How can you be a community helper? The book retails for around $23 and is available on the Stenhouse Web site. We learn what they were trying to do, how they began the process, the challenges they faced, the decisions they made, and what happened to the children. The process of hypothesise trial prove, helps the child to develop deeper understandings of their world. One of the most significant confusion about the emergent curriculum is that it has to be child-starting, but this is not the case. It imposes adult standards, subject-matter, and methods upon those who are only growing slowly toward maturity (p. 5-6). Students could start a bird-watching observation log or design posters that describe the parts of bird, what they eat, lifespan, and where they live. CONTRIBUTION OF STOCK CONTROL IN THE ATTAINMENT OF ORGANISATION OBJECTIVES GOALS, Industrial Chemistry and School Chemistry: Making chemistry studies more relevant.